Class 8, Ch-1 Crop Production and Management guides full explanation PART-1

 Hey! So let me take this opportunity to invite you to the beginning of the beginning of the beginning. "So, congrats you made it this far. "The beginning of the course," the beginning of the chapter and the beginning of this episode. "Now, I don't know if" you begin to feel excited or begin to feel curious. I don't even know how much fun you're expecting to have learning. Because when I "first saw this chapter," as the first chapter of science I saw that it was about crops and about agriculture. And I was beginning to feel really curious "about, why would a chapter" begin this way. Why would a textbook choose this as their first chapter?

How important is agriculture? And you probably might have "this question, right?" How important is farming and agriculture for you? Let me introduce a challenge to you. "And the challenge is," what if I challenge you "to, I'll give you one crop, right? "Something, rice, wheat,"doesn't matter what it is,"one crop. That, if you" grow it efficiently and If you grow it in a way that "you finally get a harvest," then I'll give you one crore rupees. Would that be a challenge that you'll accept? If I were to offer that challenge "to you now, the person" who provides the best harvest "in your class, so that you" don't have to compete "with professional farmers," would you be in a position to accept that challenge? Now, our aim here is" to make it so that at "the end of this chapter," you will be able to have a picture of what are the things that go into " successfully," sowing and harvesting crop. Would that be a fair thing to do?

Would that be a fair thing to learn? "And if you still wonder," how much exactly agriculture is important to a country "like us, then let's do a" quick Google search. Let's see what it reveals. And the first thing that you do if you start searching for agriculture in India and if you go through the basic searches that you "get, something like Wikipedia" let's see what comes out of it. "Right? One of the first things that," of course there are a lot of things written... let's pick out things that are popping out at us. "Interesting facts. Now, one" of the first things that you notice is that 54.6% of the Indian population are working in agriculture and related sectors."54.6%, that's more than half." Which pretty much means," one in every two people, persons," you see outside must be involved in agriculture. But I "don’t think that is true. So," you could also think about why exactly is there a divide in the urban, the cities and the rural areas? Where are these people more concentrated? Where do you "think so? So, you think about "that, let's see what else comes up, "right? So, if you look at it," the number of farmers has decreased by about 8.6 million in the last 10 years. "In other words," 86 Lakhs farmers have quit their jobs.

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They've left farming and hopefully they're doing something else. Or they're not doing anything at all. We don't know. "So, what could be the reasons" why a lot of farmers are leaving what they're doing? Is it because the crops are failing? Is it because of monsoons failing? Are they in heavy debt and they are forced to do something else? Or are they just finding better opportunities in the cities? Or better opportunities in other fields? "We don't know, "but something is happening," isn't it? Because 86 lakh people have left farming "and have gone moved on, to "other things, hopefully."Now what else do we see?"Well, India, ranks second"worldwide in terms of farm output. I guess the first one must be the US. United States "of America. So, we rank second" in the overall farm output. "So we produce a lot, right? let's see what else comes up. "If you take a look at this," what will you realize is that "India, actually, has the second"largest cultivable land area, or" arable land it is called. A-r-a-b-l-e. It has the second largest of this in entire world. "And if you take the irrigated land,"India is the first. So, pretty" much India kind of has been for a very very long time an agricultural economy and "continues to be, right?

Even" though the contribution of "agriculture to our country, "GDP it’s called, do you have you heard "of GDP? Yes, the Gross Domestic" Product. It's one of the ways of measuring the progress of a nation. One of the ways. So India's cont- the agriculture's contribution to this has been reducing. But "all said and done, even today, "a lot, more than half, as you can" see of the population is still involved in agriculture. Making it extremely important to know the basics about. And also because the challenge that "I offered you, a one crore "challenge, yeah, the ones" who are taking it very seriously "can go ahead and do that, right? "So, one crop challenge, about" being able to cultivate one crop that we give you in a way that is "successful, so that you can harvest "it at the end, so would you know"what all have to be done?

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Would you know which crop to grow on which kind of soil? Yeah? Would you know how much water a particular crop needs? Do you know the kind of weeds that might effect or the kind of pests that might affect that particular crop?These are very interesting even if you are trying to grow"a little garden in your house,"you know that successfully growing a little plant and"making it flower, making it grow,"is a pretty challenging task. Because there are so many factors that might affect it."So, if you are willing to"accept this challenge and beggning "learning now," we are going to start and "see some basic ideas about" how agricultural practices are happening in the country. "How they used to happen, how they're happening now and how they might happen in the future.

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